Showing posts with label false teachers. Show all posts
Showing posts with label false teachers. Show all posts

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Teaching Notes Book of Second and Third JOHN


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Teaching Notes Book of Second and Third JOHN

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Hugh C. Wood, Atlanta, Georgia

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Papyrus 9 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering),  P9, and named Oxyrhynchus papyri 402, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the First Epistle of John, dating paleographically to the early 3rd century.

Papyrus  P9 was discovered by Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt in Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. Papyrus 9 is currently housed at the Houghton Library, Harvard University, Semitic Museum Inv. 3736, Cambridge (Massachusetts).

The surviving text is a fragment of one leaf containing verses 4:11-12,14-17, written in one column per page. The original codex had 16 lines per page. The text on the manuscript was written very carelessly, evidenced by the crude and irregular handwriting, and the manuscript contains some unintelligible spellings.


Papyrus 74  designated as P74, is a copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Acts of the Apostles and Catholic epistles with lacunae. The manuscript paleographically had been assigned to the 7th century.


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The first Quarantine in the USA since 1918 continues.  It is Day 51.

Church was by Zoom (again) today - which leaves a lot to desire in learning.   It does seem like the Zoom will not lift soon.

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"The grass withers and the flower [fades], but the word of [the Lord] endures forever."  Isaiah 40:8; 1 Peter 1:24-25. 

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II JOHN
Caution against False Teachers

This and III John were Personal Little Notes to Friends whom
 John expected soon to visit. He wrote other letters, I Jn 2:14;
 III Jn 9, possibly many of; them. Personal Letters, such as these,
 on account of their brevity and private nature, would be less
 generally read in Christian Assemblies than Church Letters, and
 consequently be less widely known. These Two Little Epistles,
under the guidance of God’s Spirit, were rescued from oblivion,
 and preserved for the Church, possibly, by being attached to a
 copy of I John m the particular Church or Churches where they
had been received.

The Elder, 1
The other Apostles had all passed on, years before.
John alone was left, the Primate of all Christendom, the
last surviving Companion of Jesus. How appropriate the title.

The Elect Lady, 1
She may have been, literally, a Person, a well-known and
prominent Woman, somewhere near Ephesus, in whose Home a
Church met. Or, she may have been 'a Church symbolically called
by a Woman’s Name. Her Elect Sister, 13, another prominent
Christian Woman Leader, in the Congregation in which John was
resident or the Congregation itself.

Truth, 1-4
The word Truth is used 5 times in the first 4 verses. Love in
The word “Truth" Dwells in us, 2. Grace, Mercy, Truth, 1.
Know the Truth, 1. Truth and Peace, in Truth, 3. Walking in
Truth, 4. Truth is the True Doctrine of Christ, 9, that He is the
Son of God, and that Following Him means Walking in His
Commandments, 6, and His Chief Commandment is that
We Love One Another.

False Teachers, 7-11
These already had been referred to in I John 2:18-29: going
from Church to Church, Teaching, in the Name of Christ, Doc
trines that were utterly subversive "of the Christian Faith”. This
Letter seems to have been written to caution the Elect Lady to
be on her guard, and refuse Hospitality to such Teachers. The
warning is prefaced with an exhortation to Love, 5,6, as if to indi
cate that the Practice of Christian Love does not mean that we
should give encouragement to Enemies of the Truth.

III JOHN
Rejection of John’s Helpers
Gaius, I
There was a Gaius in Corinth, a convert of Paul's, I Cor 1:14:
Rom 16:23, in 'whose home,', in Paul’s day, a Church met. A
Tradition says that he later became John’s scribe. But verse 4 calls
Gaius one of John’s Children, that is, Converts. But, whoever he
was, he was a Greatly Beloved Christian Leader John Loved
him and four times called him Beloved, 1,2,5,11.

Prosper in All Things, 2
Here is a prayer, from one who was very close to Christ, that
a Christian might have Temporal as well as Spiritual Blessings:
an indication that it is not wrong, in the sight of Christ. for
one to possess This World's Goods and Benefits. John himself. in
early life, had been a man of means. But this same John warns-
against Loving Things of This World, I John 2:15-17.

Truth 1
A Favorite‚Word with John.  Used over 20 times in John’s
Gospel. 9 times in I John. 5 times in II John. And 5 times in Ш
John. Love in Truth, 1. Walk in Truth, 2,3. Help the-Truth, 8.
Witness of the Truth, 12.

John's Helpers, 5-8
Paul, some forty years earlier, had established Churches in and
around Ephesus, with no Seminaries to supply Pastors. He had
to develop his Pastors out of his converts. Later, John, assuming
the pastoral care of these Churches, it seems, gathered round
himself, and trained, great numbers of teachers and preachers to
aid him, and sent them out among the Churches.

Diotrephes, 9
One of the domineering False Teachers, who would have nothing
to do with John. It seems that he and Gaius were pastors of
different congregations in the same city. Apparently. some of
John's evangelists, on one of their recent tours, had been refused
admission to the congregation over which Diotrephes presided.
but Gaius had taken them in. On returning to Ephesus, they told
the story of it in John’s home church. John was now sending
another delegation to the same city, with this little Epistle ad—
dressed to Gaius. Demetrius, 12, it is thought, may have been the
bearer of the Epistle.

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The Bible Project

The Books of First, Second and Third JOHN

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[NIV] 


2 John New International Version (NIV)
1 The elder,

To the lady chosen by God and to her children, whom I love in the truth—and not I only, but also all who know the truth— 2 because of the truth, which lives in us and will be with us forever:

3 Grace, mercy and peace from God the Father and from Jesus Christ, the Father’s Son, will be with us in truth and love.

4 It has given me great joy to find some of your children walking in the truth, just as the Father commanded us. 5 And now, dear lady, I am not writing you a new command but one we have had from the beginning. I ask that we love one another. 6 And this is love: that we walk in obedience to his commands. As you have heard from the beginning, his command is that you walk in love.

7 I say this because many deceivers, who do not acknowledge Jesus Christ as coming in the flesh, have gone out into the world. Any such person is the deceiver and the antichrist. 8 Watch out that you do not lose what we[a] have worked for, but that you may be rewarded fully. 9 Anyone who runs ahead and does not continue in the teaching of Christ does not have God; whoever continues in the teaching has both the Father and the Son. 10 If anyone comes to you and does not bring this teaching, do not take them into your house or welcome them. 11 Anyone who welcomes them shares in their wicked work.

12 I have much to write to you, but I do not want to use paper and ink. Instead, I hope to visit you and talk with you face to face, so that our joy may be complete.

13 The children of your sister, who is chosen by God, send their greetings.

Footnotes:
2 John 1:8 Some manuscripts you



3 John New International Version (NIV)
1 The elder,

To my dear friend Gaius, whom I love in the truth.

2 Dear friend, I pray that you may enjoy good health and that all may go well with you, even as your soul is getting along well. 3 It gave me great joy when some believers came and testified about your faithfulness to the truth, telling how you continue to walk in it. 4 I have no greater joy than to hear that my children are walking in the truth.

5 Dear friend, you are faithful in what you are doing for the brothers and sisters,[a] even though they are strangers to you. 6 They have told the church about your love. Please send them on their way in a manner that honors God. 7 It was for the sake of the Name that they went out, receiving no help from the pagans. 8 We ought therefore to show hospitality to such people so that we may work together for the truth.

9 I wrote to the church, but Diotrephes, who loves to be first, will not welcome us. 10 So when I come, I will call attention to what he is doing, spreading malicious nonsense about us. Not satisfied with that, he even refuses to welcome other believers. He also stops those who want to do so and puts them out of the church.

11 Dear friend, do not imitate what is evil but what is good. Anyone who does what is good is from God. Anyone who does what is evil has not seen God. 12 Demetrius is well spoken of by everyone—and even by the truth itself. We also speak well of him, and you know that our testimony is true.

13 I have much to write you, but I do not want to do so with pen and ink. 14 I hope to see you soon, and we will talk face to face.

Peace to you. The friends here send their greetings. Greet the friends there by name.

Footnotes:

3 John 1:5 The Greek word for brothers and sisters (adelphoi) refers here to believers, both men and women, as part of God’s family.


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Audio Book NIV  Book of 2nd John


Audio Book NIV  Book of 3rd John


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Hugh C. Wood, Atlanta, Georgia


New International Version (NIV)
  
Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.

Some content adapted from Halley, Henry H., Bible Handbook, Grayson Publishing, Minneapolis, MN.  © 1927 - 1959, 1964

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END






Thursday, April 23, 2020

Teaching Notes Book of 2 Peter Chapter 2 and 3



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Teaching Notes Book of 2 Peter Chapter 2 and 3

Hugh Wood, Atlanta, Georgia





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The first Quarantine in the USA since 1918 continues.  It is Day 42.

I cannot get used to ZOOM Court, yet.   Did Zoom at Toastmasters.  Buckhead Toastmasters. Best Evaluator, but I don't know how that can be with only a 2" x 2" broadcast.

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"The grass withers and the flower [fades], but the word of [the Lord] endures forever."  Isaiah 40:8; 1 Peter 1:24-25.




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Book of 2 Peter.





 Papyrus 72 (Papyrus Bodmer VII-VIII) is the designation used by textual critics of the New Testament to describe portions of the so-called Bodmer Miscellaneous codex, namely the letters of Jude, 1 Peter, and 2 Peter. These books seem to have been copied by the same scribe, and the handwriting has been paleographically assigned to the 3rd or 4th century. Although the letters of Jude (P.Bodmer VII) and 1-2 Peter (P.Bodmer VIII) in this codex do not form a single continuous text, scholars still tend to refer to these three texts as a single early New Testament papyrus.


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II PETER
 Chapter 2-15. Peter's Martyrdom Near



This seems like a reference to What Jesus had told him some
37 years before, John 21:18,19. Or, it may be that Jesus had
ecently appeared to him, 14; possibly the Quo Vadis appearance.
Peter had a premonition that Martyrdom was at hand, 14. Reminds
us of Paul's dying shout of Triumph, II Tim 4:6-8. “The Putting Off
of my Tabernacle", 14, is a Beautiful Scripture name for Death.

Chapter 1:16-21. Gospel ‘Testimony Sure

It seems that, in Peter's day, there were precursors of our
modern critics, who were calling the Story of Jesus and His
Mighty Works а set of Cunningly Devised Fables, 16. But Peter
had Seen With His Own Eyes, and he KNEW that what he told
about Jesus was TRUE. Over a period of three years he had seen
Jesus, with a word, Heal Multitudes of Sick People. He had seen
Him Walk on Water, and with a word Still the Storm. He had
seen Him Transfigured. Three times he saw Him Raise the Dead.
He Saw Jesus Alive after Crucifixion. And, after Pentecost, Peter
himself, In Jesus’ Name, did multitudes of Mighty Miracles, Acts
5:15, and even Raised Dorcas from the Dead, Acts 9:40.

All this, confirmed in marvelous detail in Old Testament
prophecies of the Coming Messiah, 1:19-21, see also pages 306-319,
gave Peter Full Assurance, and Made him Ready for approaching
‘Martyrdom. He Knew that, for him, the Door Of Glory was about
to open into the immediate presence of his Beloved Lord, never
more to leave.

Chapter 2. Church Apostasy

The Coming of False Teachers is spoken of again and again
in the New Testament. Jesus warned of Ravening Wolves who
Would come to the Church in Sheep’s Clothing, Matt 7:15, and
Lead Many Astray, Matt 24:11. Paul warned of Grievous Wolves
who would arise in the Church, Speaking Perverse Things, Acts
20:29.30. Again Paul Predicted that, before the Second Coming of
the Lord, there would be, in the Church, a Falling Away of
Appalling Magnitude and Satanic Nature, II Thes 2:1-12. Again
Paul Foretold the rise to Church Leadership of Ungodly Men,
Traitors and Hypocrites, who, with a Form of Godliness, would
fill the Church With Doctrines oi Devils, I Tim 4:1-3; II Tim 321-9.

Jude seems to have been written mainly to Warn of an Ominous
and Deadly Trend toward Apostasy which, in his own day, he
saw rising in the Church, Jude 4-19. And, in Rev. 17, John gives
a detailed description of the Full-Grown Harlot Church.

Peter, in his First Epistle, wrote to encourage the Church to
bear up under Persecution from Without. Here, in this Second
Epistle, it is to Caution the Church to Guard against Corruption
from Within.

He warns of Coming Apostasy, when Leaders in the Church, for
money considerations, would permit Licentiousness and general
Wrong-Doing. He speaks of it as being in the future, 2:1. Yet
some of the language implies that False Teachers were already at
work within the Church.

He speaks of their Destructive Heresies, 1: their Pernicious Ways,
2; their Covetousness, 3; their Walking in Lust, 10; Brute Beasts,
12; Eyes full of Adultery, 14; Servants of Corruption, 19.
Note: these expressions are used as referring, not to the World,
but to Leaders Within the Church.

It is a sorry picture. Even within the Apostolic generation the
World and the Devil had succeeded in making heavy onslaughts
on—the Purity of the Church. And, even now, in our own en
lightened age, the Gospel of Christ, in its original beauty and
simplicity and Purity, in many sections of the Church, still is
buried and hid from view by the rubbish of forms and doctrines
heaped upon the Church, through the ages, by the World and
the Devil.

It is a terrible Sin to Corrupt the Church. All the Ungodly shall
be Destroyed. This is an unceasing note of Scripture. But One of
the worst of Sins is, in the Name of Christ, to Foist Lies upon
the Church in substitution for Christian Truth. Let those who do
it take warning from what happened to the Fallen Angels, 4, and
to the world of Noah’s time, 5, and to Sodom and Gomorrah, 6.

Chapter 3. Delay of ¡he Lord's Coming

Jesus had said things which might have been construed to
imply His Return  in that generation, Matt 16:28; 24:34. The
Apostles used expressions which indicated His Near Appearance,
 Rom 13:12; Heb 10:25; Jas 5:8; Rev 1:3.

Yet Jesus hinted that His Return might be After a Long Time.
Matt 25:19; and suggested that it would be Wise to prepare for
3 Delay, Matt 25:4. Paul expressly stated<that it would not be
Thes 2:2-3. Peter in the present.

Until After the Apostasy

This chapter, hints that it might, in human expectation, be in the
 thousand years to a day, 8. God does not count proportion of time
as man does. With God a thousand years are as yesterday,
Psa 90:4. He will keep His promise according to His Own chron
ology. These passages put together seem to  indicate that God
designed that each successive generation should live in constant
expectation of the Lord’s Coming.

What bearing should all this, after 2000 years of Delay. have
on our thought about the Lord’s Coming? Should we abandon
hope? NEVER. At least, His Coming is 2000 years nearer than it
was. The night is far spent. Day may be nearer than we think.

Who knows but what the Lord’s Train, at long last, may, even
now, be whistling for the Grand Central Station, with Angels
ready to shout, All Aboard? Or airplaines? maybe.

One of the subjects ridiculed by False Teachers mentioned in
Chapter 2 is the Lord’s Second Coming, 323,4. But the Lord Will
Come, 3:10. And it will be a day of Destruction for the Ungodly,
3:7, like the Flood in the days of Noah. Next time it will be by
Fire. This is very plainly stated, 3:10. Whether by Explosion, or by
Collision with some other heavenly body, we do not know. Both
of these things, astronomers tell us, do happen. There are such
as  “Novae",  new stars, which  appear  suddenly,  grow
things rapidly brighter, then slowly wane, then disappear. The Earth
is now one of these, or rather a fragment of one, once thrown.“
off from the sun a burning mass. When God’s plans are ready,
it may, by explosion from within, or by collision with some other
heavenly body, again flare into a seething mass of flame.

But, from it all, God’s People will be delivered, and for them
there will be a New Heavens and New Earth, 313,14.

In closing, Peter mentions Epistles of Paul, 15, and classes
them as Scripture, 16. And, as in his First Epistle Peter spoke of
the Word of God as being the Source of Birth, I Pet 1:23, and the
Means of Growth, I Pet 2:2, for the Christian, so, in this Epistle
foretelling Apostasy in the Church, Peter insists that Knowledge
of Christ through His Word will help us make our calling .and
election Sure. 1:2,4,10; and that the way for the Church to combat
Apostasy, and Keep itself Pure and Free from Worldly
Corruption, is to Hold Fast to the Word of God as given by the
Prophets and Apostles, 1:19; 3:2.



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2 Peter 
The Bible Project

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2 Peter 2 New International Version (NIV)



False Teachers and Their Destruction

2 But there were also false prophets among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you. They will secretly introduce destructive heresies, even denying the sovereign Lord who bought them—bringing swift destruction on themselves. 2 Many will follow their depraved conduct and will bring the way of truth into disrepute. 3 In their greed these teachers will exploit you with fabricated stories. Their condemnation has long been hanging over them, and their destruction has not been sleeping.

4 For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but sent them to hell,[a] putting them in chains of darkness[b] to be held for judgment; 5 if he did not spare the ancient world when he brought the flood on its ungodly people, but protected Noah, a preacher of righteousness, and seven others; 6 if he condemned the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah by burning them to ashes, and made them an example of what is going to happen to the ungodly; 7 and if he rescued Lot, a righteous man, who was distressed by the depraved conduct of the lawless 8 (for that righteous man, living among them day after day, was tormented in his righteous soul by the lawless deeds he saw and heard)— 9 if this is so, then the Lord knows how to rescue the godly from trials and to hold the unrighteous for punishment on the day of judgment. 10 This is especially true of those who follow the corrupt desire of the flesh[c] and despise authority.

Bold and arrogant, they are not afraid to heap abuse on celestial beings; 11 yet even angels, although they are stronger and more powerful, do not heap abuse on such beings when bringing judgment on them from[d] the Lord. 12 But these people blaspheme in matters they do not understand. They are like unreasoning animals, creatures of instinct, born only to be caught and destroyed, and like animals they too will perish.

13 They will be paid back with harm for the harm they have done. Their idea of pleasure is to carouse in broad daylight. They are blots and blemishes, reveling in their pleasures while they feast with you.[e] 14 With eyes full of adultery, they never stop sinning; they seduce the unstable; they are experts in greed—an accursed brood! 15 They have left the straight way and wandered off to follow the way of Balaam son of Bezer,[f] who loved the wages of wickedness. 16 But he was rebuked for his wrongdoing by a donkey—an animal without speech—who spoke with a human voice and restrained the prophet’s madness.

17 These people are springs without water and mists driven by a storm. Blackest darkness is reserved for them. 18 For they mouth empty, boastful words and, by appealing to the lustful desires of the flesh, they entice people who are just escaping from those who live in error. 19 They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves of depravity—for “people are slaves to whatever has mastered them.” 20 If they have escaped the corruption of the world by knowing our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ and are again entangled in it and are overcome, they are worse off at the end than they were at the beginning. 21 It would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness, than to have known it and then to turn their backs on the sacred command that was passed on to them. 22 Of them the proverbs are true: “A dog returns to its vomit,”[g] and, “A sow that is washed returns to her wallowing in the mud.”

Footnotes:
2 Peter 2:4 Greek Tartarus
2 Peter 2:4 Some manuscripts in gloomy dungeons
2 Peter 2:10 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit; also in verse 18.
2 Peter 2:11 Many manuscripts beings in the presence of
2 Peter 2:13 Some manuscripts in their love feasts
2 Peter 2:15 Greek Bosor
2 Peter 2:22 Prov. 26:11


2 Peter 3 New International Version (NIV)

The Day of the Lord

3 Dear friends, this is now my second letter to you. I have written both of them as reminders to stimulate you to wholesome thinking. 2 I want you to recall the words spoken in the past by the holy prophets and the command given by our Lord and Savior through your apostles.

3 Above all, you must understand that in the last days scoffers will come, scoffing and following their own evil desires. 4 They will say, “Where is this ‘coming’ he promised? Ever since our ancestors died, everything goes on as it has since the beginning of creation.” 5 But they deliberately forget that long ago by God’s word the heavens came into being and the earth was formed out of water and by water. 6 By these waters also the world of that time was deluged and destroyed. 7 By the same word the present heavens and earth are reserved for fire, being kept for the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly.




8 But do not forget this one thing, dear friends: With the Lord a day is like a thousand years, and a thousand years are like a day.




 9 The Lord is not slow in keeping his promise, as some understand slowness. Instead he is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish, but everyone to come to repentance.

10 But the day of the Lord will come like a thief. The heavens will disappear with a roar; the elements will be destroyed by fire, and the earth and everything done in it will be laid bare.[a]

11 Since everything will be destroyed in this way, what kind of people ought you to be? You ought to live holy and godly lives 12 as you look forward to the day of God and speed its coming.[b] That day will bring about the destruction of the heavens by fire, and the elements will melt in the heat. 





13 But in keeping with his promise we are looking forward to a new heaven and a new earth, where righteousness dwells.

14 So then, dear friends, since you are looking forward to this, make every effort to be found spotless, blameless and at peace with him. 15 Bear in mind that our Lord’s patience means salvation, just as our dear brother Paul also wrote you with the wisdom that God gave him. 16 He writes the same way in all his letters, speaking in them of these matters. His letters contain some things that are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the other Scriptures, to their own destruction.

17 Therefore, dear friends, since you have been forewarned, be on your guard so that you may not be carried away by the error of the lawless and fall from your secure position. 18 But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be glory both now and forever! Amen.

Footnotes:
2 Peter 3:10 Some manuscripts be burned up
2 Peter 3:12 Or as you wait eagerly for the day of God to come



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New International Version (NIV)

Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.

Some content adapted from Halley, Henry H., Bible Handbook, Grayson Publishing, Minneapolis, MN.  © 1927 - 1959, 1964

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Hugh C. Wood, Atlanta, Georgia

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END